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369
golang-learning/10-projects/03-web-server/server/handlers.go
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369
golang-learning/10-projects/03-web-server/server/handlers.go
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/*
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handlers.go - 请求处理器
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实现了各种HTTP请求的处理逻辑
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*/
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package server
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import (
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"encoding/json"
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"net/http"
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"runtime"
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"strconv"
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"time"
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"webserver/models"
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"github.com/gorilla/mux"
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)
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// Response 通用响应结构
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type Response struct {
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Status string `json:"status"`
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Message string `json:"message,omitempty"`
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Data interface{} `json:"data,omitempty"`
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Error string `json:"error,omitempty"`
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Count int `json:"count,omitempty"`
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}
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// HealthResponse 健康检查响应
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type HealthResponse struct {
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Status string `json:"status"`
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Timestamp string `json:"timestamp"`
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Uptime string `json:"uptime"`
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Version string `json:"version"`
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}
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// StatsResponse 统计信息响应
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type StatsResponse struct {
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Status string `json:"status"`
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Timestamp string `json:"timestamp"`
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Uptime string `json:"uptime"`
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Version string `json:"version"`
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GoVersion string `json:"go_version"`
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NumCPU int `json:"num_cpu"`
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NumGoroutine int `json:"num_goroutine"`
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MemStats runtime.MemStats `json:"mem_stats"`
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}
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var (
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startTime = time.Now()
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version = "1.0.0"
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)
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// HomeHandler 首页处理器
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func HomeHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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html := `
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="zh-CN">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<title>Go Web服务器</title>
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<style>
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body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; margin: 40px; background-color: #f5f5f5; }
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.container { max-width: 800px; margin: 0 auto; background: white; padding: 30px; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); }
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h1 { color: #333; text-align: center; }
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.api-list { background: #f8f9fa; padding: 20px; border-radius: 5px; margin: 20px 0; }
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.api-item { margin: 10px 0; padding: 10px; background: white; border-left: 4px solid #007bff; }
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.method { font-weight: bold; color: #007bff; }
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.endpoint { font-family: monospace; background: #e9ecef; padding: 2px 6px; border-radius: 3px; }
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.description { color: #666; margin-top: 5px; }
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="container">
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<h1>🚀 Go Web服务器</h1>
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<p>欢迎使用Go语言编写的简单Web服务器！这个项目演示了HTTP服务器、RESTful API、JSON处理等功能。</p>
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<h2>📚 API接口</h2>
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<div class="api-list">
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<div class="api-item">
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<span class="method">GET</span> <span class="endpoint">/health</span>
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<div class="description">健康检查</div>
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</div>
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<div class="api-item">
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<span class="method">GET</span> <span class="endpoint">/api/stats</span>
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<div class="description">服务器统计信息</div>
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</div>
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<div class="api-item">
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<span class="method">GET</span> <span class="endpoint">/api/users</span>
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<div class="description">获取所有用户</div>
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</div>
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<div class="api-item">
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<span class="method">POST</span> <span class="endpoint">/api/users</span>
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<div class="description">创建新用户</div>
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</div>
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<div class="api-item">
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<span class="method">GET</span> <span class="endpoint">/api/users/{id}</span>
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<div class="description">获取指定用户</div>
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</div>
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<div class="api-item">
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<span class="method">PUT</span> <span class="endpoint">/api/users/{id}</span>
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<div class="description">更新用户信息</div>
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</div>
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<div class="api-item">
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<span class="method">DELETE</span> <span class="endpoint">/api/users/{id}</span>
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<div class="description">删除用户</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h2>🛠️ 使用示例</h2>
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<pre style="background: #f8f9fa; padding: 15px; border-radius: 5px; overflow-x: auto;">
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# 获取所有用户
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curl http://localhost:8080/api/users
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# 创建新用户
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curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/api/users \
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-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
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-d '{"name":"张三","email":"zhangsan@example.com","age":25}'
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# 健康检查
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curl http://localhost:8080/health
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</pre>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>`
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w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
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w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
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w.Write([]byte(html))
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}
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// HealthHandler 健康检查处理器
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func HealthHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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uptime := time.Since(startTime)
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response := HealthResponse{
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Status: "healthy",
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Timestamp: time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339),
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Uptime: uptime.String(),
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Version: version,
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}
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w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
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w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
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json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(response)
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}
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// StatsHandler 统计信息处理器
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func StatsHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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uptime := time.Since(startTime)
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var memStats runtime.MemStats
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runtime.ReadMemStats(&memStats)
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response := StatsResponse{
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Status: "success",
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Timestamp: time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339),
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Uptime: uptime.String(),
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Version: version,
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GoVersion: runtime.Version(),
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NumCPU: runtime.NumCPU(),
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NumGoroutine: runtime.NumGoroutine(),
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MemStats: memStats,
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}
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w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
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w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
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json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(response)
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}
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// GetUsersHandler 获取所有用户
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func GetUsersHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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users, err := models.GetAllUsers()
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if err != nil {
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sendErrorResponse(w, "获取用户列表失败", http.StatusInternalServerError)
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return
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}
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response := Response{
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Status: "success",
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Data: users,
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Count: len(users),
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}
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sendJSONResponse(w, response, http.StatusOK)
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}
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// GetUserHandler 获取指定用户
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func GetUserHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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vars := mux.Vars(r)
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id, err := strconv.Atoi(vars["id"])
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if err != nil {
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sendErrorResponse(w, "无效的用户ID", http.StatusBadRequest)
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return
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}
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user, err := models.GetUserByID(id)
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if err != nil {
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sendErrorResponse(w, "用户不存在", http.StatusNotFound)
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return
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}
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response := Response{
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Status: "success",
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Data: user,
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}
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sendJSONResponse(w, response, http.StatusOK)
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}
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// CreateUserHandler 创建新用户
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func CreateUserHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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var user models.User
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if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&user); err != nil {
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sendErrorResponse(w, "无效的JSON数据", http.StatusBadRequest)
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return
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}
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// 验证用户数据
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if err := user.Validate(); err != nil {
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sendErrorResponse(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
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return
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}
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// 创建用户
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createdUser, err := models.CreateUser(user)
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if err != nil {
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sendErrorResponse(w, "创建用户失败", http.StatusInternalServerError)
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return
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}
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response := Response{
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Status: "success",
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Message: "用户创建成功",
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Data: createdUser,
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}
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sendJSONResponse(w, response, http.StatusCreated)
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}
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// UpdateUserHandler 更新用户信息
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func UpdateUserHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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vars := mux.Vars(r)
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id, err := strconv.Atoi(vars["id"])
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if err != nil {
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sendErrorResponse(w, "无效的用户ID", http.StatusBadRequest)
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return
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}
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var user models.User
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if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&user); err != nil {
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sendErrorResponse(w, "无效的JSON数据", http.StatusBadRequest)
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return
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}
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// 设置用户ID
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user.ID = id
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// 验证用户数据
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if err := user.Validate(); err != nil {
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sendErrorResponse(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
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return
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}
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// 更新用户
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updatedUser, err := models.UpdateUser(user)
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if err != nil {
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sendErrorResponse(w, "更新用户失败", http.StatusInternalServerError)
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return
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}
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response := Response{
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Status: "success",
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Message: "用户更新成功",
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Data: updatedUser,
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}
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sendJSONResponse(w, response, http.StatusOK)
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}
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// DeleteUserHandler 删除用户
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func DeleteUserHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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vars := mux.Vars(r)
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id, err := strconv.Atoi(vars["id"])
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if err != nil {
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sendErrorResponse(w, "无效的用户ID", http.StatusBadRequest)
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return
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}
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if err := models.DeleteUser(id); err != nil {
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sendErrorResponse(w, "删除用户失败", http.StatusInternalServerError)
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return
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}
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response := Response{
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Status: "success",
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Message: "用户删除成功",
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}
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sendJSONResponse(w, response, http.StatusOK)
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}
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// APIDocHandler API文档处理器
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func APIDocHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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doc := map[string]interface{}{
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"title": "Go Web服务器 API",
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"version": version,
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"description": "一个简单的RESTful API服务器",
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"endpoints": map[string]interface{}{
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"health": map[string]string{
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"method": "GET",
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"path": "/health",
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"description": "健康检查",
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},
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"stats": map[string]string{
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"method": "GET",
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"path": "/api/stats",
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"description": "服务器统计信息",
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},
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"users": map[string]interface{}{
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"list": map[string]string{
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"method": "GET",
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"path": "/api/users",
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"description": "获取所有用户",
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},
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"get": map[string]string{
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"method": "GET",
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"path": "/api/users/{id}",
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"description": "获取指定用户",
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},
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"create": map[string]string{
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"method": "POST",
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"path": "/api/users",
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"description": "创建新用户",
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},
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"update": map[string]string{
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"method": "PUT",
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"path": "/api/users/{id}",
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"description": "更新用户信息",
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},
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"delete": map[string]string{
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"method": "DELETE",
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"path": "/api/users/{id}",
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"description": "删除用户",
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},
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},
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},
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}
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sendJSONResponse(w, doc, http.StatusOK)
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}
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// sendJSONResponse 发送JSON响应
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func sendJSONResponse(w http.ResponseWriter, data interface{}, statusCode int) {
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w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
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w.WriteHeader(statusCode)
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if err := json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(data); err != nil {
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http.Error(w, "JSON编码失败", http.StatusInternalServerError)
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}
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}
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// sendErrorResponse 发送错误响应
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func sendErrorResponse(w http.ResponseWriter, message string, statusCode int) {
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response := Response{
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Status: "error",
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Error: message,
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}
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sendJSONResponse(w, response, statusCode)
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}
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